What role does nitrogen play in decompression sickness?

Nitrogen plays a crucial role in decompression sickness, often referred to as "the bends," by forming bubbles in tissues during rapid pressure changes. Under normal conditions, nitrogen is dissolved in the body’s fluids. However, when a diver ascends too quickly after being at great depths, the pressure surrounding the body decreases rapidly. This sudden drop in pressure causes the dissolved nitrogen to come out of solution and form gas bubbles, which can accumulate in various tissues and joints, leading to pain, injury, or even serious health issues.

Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of ascending slowly and following proper decompression procedures to allow nitrogen to safely exit the body and minimize the risk of bubbles forming, thereby reducing the likelihood of decompression sickness.